| Immunogen | ExtracellularlooppeptideofhumanCXCR4(Bersonetal.1996;Leotscheretal.1994). |
| Epitope | extracellularloop |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Specificity | SomeGprotein-coupledreceptorsincludingCCR5,CXCR4,CCR3,CCR2bandCCR8inthechemokinereceptorfamily,andfournewhumanmoleculesGPR15,STRL33,GPR1andV28wererecentlyidentifiedasHIVcoreceptors(Nimitrov1997).Amongthem,CXCR4(fusin,LESTRorHUMSTR)isaprinciplecoreceptorforT-celltropicstrainsofHIV-1fusionandentryofhumanwhitebloodcells(Fengetal.1996;Bersonetal.1996).CXCR4isalsorequiredfortheinfectionbydual-tropicstrainsofHIV-1andmediatesCD-4independentinfectionbyHIV-2(Doranzetal.1996;Endresetal.1996).Thea-chemokineSDF-1istheligandforCXCR4andpreventsinfectionbyT-tropicHIV-1(Bleuletal.1996;Oberlinetal.1996).CXCR4associateswiththesurfaceCD4-gp120complexbeforeHIVenterstargetcells(Laphametal.1996).CXCR4messengerRNAlevelscorrelatedwithHIV-1permissivenessindiversehumancelltypes(Fengetal.1996).AntibodiestoCXCR4blockHIV-1andHIV-2fusionandinfectionofhumantargetcells(Fengetal.1996;Endresetal.1996;Brelotetal.1997).Theamino-terminaldomainandthesecondextracellularloopofCXCR4serveasHIVbindingsites(Brelotetal.1997;Luetal.1997). |
| SpeciesReactivity | |
| AntibodyType | PolyclonalAntibody |
| EntrezGeneNumber | |
| EntrezGeneSummary | ThisgeneencodesaCXCchemokinereceptorspecificforstromalcell-derivedfactor-1.Theproteinhas7transmembraneregionsandislocatedonthecellsurface.ItactswiththeCD4proteintosupportHIVentryintocellsandisalsohighlyexpressedinbreastcancercells.MutationsinthisgenehavebeenassociatedwithWHIM(warts,hypogammaglobulinemia,infections,andmyelokathexis)syndrome.Alternatetranscriptionalsplicevariants,encodingdifferentisoforms,havebeencharacterized. |
| GeneSymbol | - CXCR4
- WHIM
- NPY3R
- NPYY3R
- FB22
- LAP3
- Fusin
- CXCR-4
- LCR1
- NPYR
- HM89
- fusin
- HSY3RR
- CXC-R4
- NPYY3
- NPYRL
- D2S201E
- CD184
- LESTR
|
| UniProtNumber | |
| UniProtSummary | FUNCTION:SwissProt:P61073#ReceptorfortheC-X-CchemokineCXCL12/SDF-1.Transducesasignalbyincreasingtheintracellularcalciumionslevel.Involvedinhaematopoiesisandincardiacventricularseptumformation.Playsalsoanessentialroleinvascularizationofthegastrointestinaltract,probablybyregulatingvascularbranchingand/orremodelingprocessesinendothelialcells.Couldbeinvolvedincerebellardevelopment.IntheCNS,couldmediatehippocampal-neuronsurvival.Actsasacoreceptor(CD4beingtheprimaryreceptor)forHIV-1X4isolatesandasaprimaryreceptorforsomeHIV-2isolates.PromotesEnv-mediatedfusionofthevirus.
SIZE:352aminoacids;39746Da
SUBUNIT:InteractswithHIV-1surfaceproteingp120andTat.
SUBCELLULARLOCATION:Cellmembrane;Multi-passmembraneprotein.
TISSUESPECIFICITY:Expressedinnumeroustissues,suchasperipheralbloodleukocytes,spleen,thymus,spinalcord,heart,placenta,lung,liver,skeletalmuscle,kidney,pancreas,cerebellum,cerebralcortexandmedulla(inmicrogliaaswellasinastrocytes),brainmicrovascular,coronaryarteryandumbilicalcordendothelialcells.Isoform1ispredominantinalltissuestested.
DOMAIN:SwissProt:P61073Theamino-terminusiscriticalforligandbinding.ResiduesinallfourextracellularregionscontributetoHIV-1coreceptoractivity.
PTM:Sulfated.
DISEASE:SwissProt:P61073#DefectsinCXCR4areacauseofWHIMsyndrome[MIM:193670];alsocalledwarts,hypogammaglobulinemia,infections,andmyelokathexis.WHIMsyndromeisanimmunodeficiencydiseasecharacterizedbyneutropenia,hypogammaglobulinemiaandextensivehumanpapillomavirus(HPV)infection.Despitetheperipheralneutropenia,bonemarrowaspiratesfromaffectedindividualscontainabundantmaturemyeloidcells,aconditiontermedmyelokathexis.
SIMILARITY:BelongstotheG-proteincoupledreceptor1family. |
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