| Immunogen | KLH-conjugatedlinearpeptidecorrespondingtohumanp53glutathionylatedatCys141. |
| Epitope | p53glutathionylatedatCys141 |
| Concentration | PleaserefertotheCertificateofAnalysisforthelot-specificconcentration. |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Specificity | Thisantibodyrecognizesp53whenglutathionylatedatCys141. |
| SpeciesReactivity | - Human
- Chimpanzee
- RhesusMacaque
- GroundSquirrel
- Monkey
- Hamster
|
| SpeciesReactivityNote | Demonstratedtoreactwithhuman.
Predictedtoreactwithchimpanzee,rhesusmacaque,groundsquirrel,monkey,hamster,commonmarmoset,rabbit,andorangutanbasedon100%sequencehomology.
Otherhomologies:Rat(92%sequencehomology).Mouse(85%sequencehomology). |
| AntibodyType | PolyclonalAntibody |
| EntrezGeneNumber | |
| EntrezGeneSummary | Thisgeneencodestumorproteinp53,whichrespondstodiversecellularstressestoregulatetargetgenesthatinducecellcyclearrest,apoptosis,senescence,DNArepair,orchangesinmetabolism.p53proteinisexpressedatlowlevelinnormalcellsandatahighlevelinavarietyoftransformedcelllines,whereit"sbelievedtocontributetotransformationandmalignancy.p53isaDNA-bindingproteincontainingtranscriptionactivation,DNA-binding,andoligomerizationdomains.Itispostulatedtobindtoap53-bindingsiteandactivateexpressionofdownstreamgenesthatinhibitgrowthand/orinvasion,andthusfunctionasatumorsuppressor.Mutantsofp53thatfrequentlyoccurinanumberofdifferenthumancancersfailtobindtheconsensusDNAbindingsite,andhencecausethelossoftumorsuppressoractivity.Alterationsofthisgeneoccurnotonlyassomaticmutationsinhumanmalignancies,butalsoasgermlinemutationsinsomecancer-pronefamilieswithLi-Fraumenisyndrome.Multiplep53variantsduetoalternativepromotersandmultiplealternativesplicinghavebeenfound.Thesevariantsencodedistinctisoforms,whichcanregulatep53transcriptionalactivity.[providedbyRefSeq]. |
| GeneSymbol | |
| Modifications | |
| PurificationMethod | AffinityPurfied |
| UniProtNumber | |
| UniProtSummary | FUNCTION:Actsasatumorsuppressorinmanytumortypes;inducesgrowtharrestorapoptosisdependingonthephysiologicalcircumstancesandcelltype.Involvedincellcycleregulationasatrans-activatorthatactstonegativelyregulatecelldivisionbycontrollingasetofgenesrequiredforthisprocess.Oneoftheactivatedgenesisaninhibitorofcyclin-dependentkinases.ApoptosisinductionseemstobemediatedeitherbystimulationofBAXandFASantigenexpression,orbyrepressionofBcl-2expression.ImplicatedinNotchsignalingcross-over.
COFACTOR:Binds1zincionpersubunit.
SUBUNITSTRUCTURE:InteractswithAXIN1.ProbablypartofacomplexconsistingofTP53,HIPK2andAXIN1Bysimilarity.BindsDNAasahomotetramer.InteractswithhistoneacetyltransferasesEP300andmethyltransferasesHRMT1L2andCARM1,andrecruitsthemtopromoters.Invitro,theinteractionofTP53withcancer-associated/HPV(E6)viralproteinsleadstoubiquitinationanddegradationofTP53givingapossIBLemodelforcellgrowthregulation.Thiscomplexformationrequiresanadditionalfactor,E6-AP,whichstablyassociateswithTP53inthepresenceofE6.Interacts(viaC-terminus)withTAF1;whenTAF1ispartoftheTFIIDcomplex.InteractswithING4;thisinteractionmaybeindirect.FoundinacomplexwithCABLES1andTP73.InteractswithHIPK1,HIPK2,andP53DINP1.InteractswithWWOX.MayinteractwithHCVcoreprotein.InteractswithUSP7andSYVN1.InteractswithHSP90AB1.InteractswithCHD8;leadingtorecruithistoneH1andpreventtransactivationactivityBysimilarity.InteractswithARMC10,BANP,CDKN2AIPandE4F1.InteractswithYWHAZ;theinteractionenhancesTP53transcriptionalactivity.PhosphorylationofYWHAZon"Ser-58"inhibitsthisinteraction.Interacts(viaDNA-bindingdomain)withMAML1(viaN-terminus).InteractswithMKRN1.DirectlyinteractswithFBXO42;leadingtoubiquinationanddegradationofTP53.
SUBCELLULARLOCATION:Cytoplasm.Nucleus.Endoplasmicreticulum.Note:InteractionwithBANPpromotesnuclearlocalization.
DOMAIN:Thenuclearexportsignalactsasatranscriptionalrepressiondomain.
PTM:Acetylated.AcetylationofLys-382byCREBBPenhancestranscriptionalactivity.DeacetylationofLys-382bySIRT1impairsitsABIlitytoinduceproapoptoticprogramandmodulatecellsenescence.
PhosphorylationonSerresiduesmediatestranscriptionalactivation.PhosphorylatedbyHIPK1Bysimilarity.PhosphorylationatSer-9byHIPK4increasesrepressionactivityonBIRC5promoter.PhosphorylatedonThr-18byVRK1,whichmaypreventtheinteractionwithMDM2.PhosphorylatedonThr-55byTAF1,whichpromotesMDM2-mediateddegradation.PhosphorylatedonSer-46byHIPK2uponUVirradiation.PhosphorylationonSer-46isrequiredforacetylationbyCREBBP.PhosphorylatedonSer-392followingUVbutnotgammairradiation.PhosphorylateduponDNAdamage,probablybyATMorATR.PhosphorylatedonSer-15uponultravioletirradiation;whichisenhancedbyinteractionwithBANP.
DephosphorylatedbyPP2A.SV40smallTantigeninhibitsthedephosphorylationbytheACformofPP2A
MaybeO-glycosylatedintheC-terminalbasicregion.StudiedinEB-1cellline.
UbiquitinatedbySYVN1,whichleadstoproteasomaldegradation.UbiquitinatedbyMKRN1atLys-291andLys-292,whichleadstoproteasomaldegradation.
MonomethylatedatLys-372bySETD7,leadingtostabilizationandincreasedtranscriptionalactivation.MonomethylatedatLys-370bySMYD2,leadingtodecreasedDNA-bindingactivityandsubsequenttranscriptionalregulationactivity.Lys-372monomethylationpreventsinteractionwithSMYD2andsubsequentmonomethylationatLys-370.SumoylatedbySUMO1.
Demethylationofdi-methylatedLys-370byKDM1/LSD1preventsinteractionwithTP53BP1andrepressesTP53-mediatedtranscriptionalactivation.
INVOLVEMENTINDISEASE:TP53isfoundinincreasedamountsinawidevarietyoftransformedcells.TP53isfrequentlymutatedorinactivatedinabout60%ofcancers.
DefectsinTP53areinvolvedinesophagealsquamouscellcarcinoma(ESCC)[MIM:133239].ESCCisatumoroftheesophagus.
DefectsinTP53areacauseofLi-Fraumenisyndrome(LFS)[MIM:151623].LFSisanautosomaldominantfamilialcancersyndromethatinitsclassicformisdefinedbytheexistenceofaprobandaffectedbyasarcomabefore45yearswithafirstdegreerelativeaffectedbyanytumorbefore45yearsandanotherfirstdegreerelativewithanytumorbefore45yearsorasarcomaatanyage.OtherclinicaldefinitionsforLFShavebeenproposed(Ref.103andRef.106)andcalledLi-Fraumenilikesyndrome(LFL).Inthesefamiliesaffectedrelativesdevelopadiversesetofmalignanciesatunusuallyearlyages.Fourtypesofcancersaccountfor80%oftumorsoccurringinTP53germlinemutationcarriers:breastcancers,softtissueandbonesarcomas,braintumors(astrocytomas)andadrenocorticalcarcinomas.Lessfrequenttumorsincludechoroidplexuscarcinomaorpapillomabeforetheageof15,rhaBDomyosarcomabeforetheageof5,leukemia,Wilmstumor,malignantphyllodestumor,colorectalandgastriccancers.
DefectsinTP53maybeassociatedwithnasopharyngealcarcinoma[MIM:161550];alsoknownasnasopharyngealcancer.
DefectsinTP53arefoundinBarrettmetaplasia;alsoknownasBarrettesophagus.Itisaconditioninwhichthenormallystratifiedsquamousepitheliumoftheloweresophagusisreplacedbyametaplasticcolumnarepithelium.Theconditiondevelopsasacomplicationinapproximately10%ofpatientswithchronicgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseandpredisposestothedevelopmentofesophagealadenocarcinoma.
DefectsinTP53areinvolvedinheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinomas(HNSCC)[MIM:275355].
DefectsinTP53areinvolvedinoralsquamouscellcarcinoma(OSCC).Cigarettesmokeisaprimemutagenicagentincanceroftheaerodigestivetract.
DefectsinTP53areacauseoflungcancer[MIM:211980].
DefectsinTP53areacauseofchoroidplexuspapilloma[MIM:260500].Choroidplexuspapillomaisaslow-growingbenigntumorofthechoroidplexusthatofteninvadestheleptomeninges.Inchildrenitisusuallyinalateralventriclebutinadultsitismoreofteninthefourthventricle.Hydrocephalusiscommon,eitherfromobstructionorfromtumorsecretionofcerebrospinalfluid.Ifitundergoesmalignanttransformationitiscalledachoroidplexuscarcinoma.Primarychoroidplexustumorsarerareandusuallyoccurinearlychildhood.
DefectsinTP53areacauseofoneformofhereditaryadrenocorticalcarcinoma(ADCC)[MIM:202300].ADCCisararechildhoodtumor,representingabout0.4%ofchildhoodtumors,withahighincidenceofassociatedtumors.ADCCoccurswithincreasedfrequencyinpatientswiththeBeckwith-Wiedemannsyndrome[MIM:130650]andisacomponenttumorinLi-Fraumenisyndrome[MIM:151623].
SEQUENCESIMILARITIES:Belongstothep53family. |
| MolecularWeight | ~53kDaobserved |
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